If you need to pass a diagnosis to identify HPV, then there is nothing to worry about. Most procedures are completely painless and some are tolerated by each patient. Consider the most frequently asked questions regarding the delivery of exams.
What is HPV?
Human papillomavirus is a micro-organism that contains the cellular structure of DNA. Upon entry into the human body, HPV DNA causes a mutation that leads to irreversible processes. Most of the population are already carriers of the virus, but few are aware of this, as the virus does not show up in any way.
As soon as the body breaks down, the immune system weakens and growth appears on the body. For all formations on the skin, except moles and acne, it is HPV that affects. If not treated with growth immediately, then malignancies occur and harmless warts can turn into cervical cancer in women and urethral cancer in men.
Why is the human papilloma virus dangerous?
When papillomas, genital warts or warts appear on the body, the average person can hardly report them to each other and perceive them as something that can not cause harm.
It's not that simple - a small papilloma can become so large that it will cause a great deal of discomfort - from aesthetic discomfort to the development of cancerous tumors. More than 130 human papillomavirus strains are known and each of them is manifested in different ways.
The most common of these are types 16 and 18, which cause cancer of the mucous membranes, cervix, vagina, penis and other similar diseases. Because you do not know at first about the presence of the virus in the body, HPV develops gradually and after 5-10 years you see changes in your body in the form of growth.
Diagnosis of papilloma can be done at any clinic. After 40 years, more than half of the disease becomes malignant. Timely diagnosis gives you a chance at a painless age that will not be overshadowed by cancer.
Why test for human papillomavirus?
To protect yourself from carcinogenic diseases, you should identify possible threats to life and health in a timely manner. With an extensive list of reasons for its spread, HPV is transmitted from person to person in close contact - kisses, kisses, sexual intercourse, with general hygiene products.
The virus takes root under the skin and destroys healthy DNA structure and mutates throughout the body. When immunity is violated, HPV appears on the skin in the form of warts, papillomas and similar rashes. Only research can detect the virus at an early stage and prevent its further spread.
When is an HPV test scheduled?
When the first signs of the disease appear on the body, the doctor can see them even with a visual examination. An HPV test is prescribed to understand where the virus came from in the body, identify the type and then eradicate it.
Even considering that not every infected person can become a cancer patient, no one wants to tempt fate, which means that it is necessary to perform a test. If a woman is going to get pregnant, she must be tested for HPV as the virus can easily get through the baby. The father should also not be indifferent, as he can carry papillomavirus.
Features to pass the HPV diagnosis
The discovery of HPV before the age of 30 is not considered informative, as the disease goes far beyond the human eye. After 30, the first tests are prescribed that can detect papillomavirus even in the early stages.
The less time elapsed since infection, the more effective the latter treatment will be. It is necessary to identify the moment when normal cells begin to grow into cancer cells. The methods for detecting human papillomavirus depend on several factors:
- Identification of the virus and the fact that it is present in the body
- Find out the variety
- Assess the damage caused during the period in which the person did not seek medical attention
- Prescribe high quality and effective treatment
Remember:the virus will never leave the host completely, as it already interacts with the body's DNA cells. HPV will remain calm until the immune system weakens.
What type of diagnosis should HPV be further diagnosed?
- Colposcopic examination. HPV tests in women are performed using this method. It is designed to diagnose genital warts. Women are prescribed to diagnose genital warts located on the cervix.
- Theory. Ointment is taken, which contains epithelial cells, then the samples are taken under a microscope. If the cells are altered, there is a risk of getting HPV. There is a risk of a wrong conclusion.
- Histology. It is an adjunct to cytology to rule out error. A small piece of the relevant tissue is taken and the doctor assesses the difficulty position through a microscope. With the help of histological examination, the nature of the formation can be determined.
- PCR analysis. The true way with 98% accuracy. Wipe, urine, blood or amniotic fluid taken
If at least one study reveals the presence of a virus, the patient will be sent for an additional diagnosis to ensure the accuracy of the result. If the result was false positive, contaminants or a violation of generally accepted sampling techniques may be the cause.
Sometimes patients prepare incorrectly for the diagnosis or choose the wrong time for the operation - these factors can also lead to the wrong result.
Test rules
In addition to relying on the attending physician, the patient must follow the process of going for the diagnosis and knowing the basic procedure. The doctor is a specialist, but health belongs to the patient.
How is biomass taken?
The strokes are taken with a soft brush, which looks like a brush. Volkmann spoon is sometimes used in free clinics - it is a small spoon on a long stem. Such a brush is carefully inserted into the incision and then removed by rotational movements. The brush is placed in a barren bottle and sent for further examination.
How to prepare women's procedures
2 days before the operation you can not live sexually, use soap with bactericidal effect, cloth, use a tampon. If a spot was removed from the cervix, you can not have sex, exercise, overheat, swim in public places and take drugs that affect blood thinning.
How to prepare a procedure for men
Sexual intercourse is excluded, shower for 2 days without detergent. Do not urinate before the operation.
General preparation for the procedure
It is necessary to inform your doctor about all medicines that have been taken by an individual in the last 2 months.
How is an HPV blood test taken?
Used for PCR analysis. From a finger, sometimes from a vein, depending on the type of diagnosis the person will take. A slight tingling sensation from the injection is the maximum inconvenience of the operation. If the vessels in the elbow area are narrow, the process of taking blood will be difficult, but your doctor will tell you how to enlarge the vein properly.
The operation is performed on an empty stomach, you can not even drink water. It is advisable to take chocolate with you. 3 days before donating blood, it is necessary to exclude all foods that cause allergic reactions from the diet.
How is urine tested?
It is better to take care of the sterile jar yourself. You can buy it at the pharmacy. Collect morning urine in a jar on an empty stomach. Then check it out, preferably immediately, the maximum deadline is 4 hours or the result will be invalid. The method is not as accurate as taking blood, but if you cannot donate blood, then you must use this method.
How long does it take to test HPV in women and men?
If research was carried out, the result will be published immediately. With a cytological study, the results will be ready in just a week. Histology is done for 3 days, then you can get the result by hand. With PCR analysis you can immediately take the results or wait for up to 2 days.
When and how often should you get tested for HPV?
Until the age of 30, only those with clear signs of body growth are examined. Usually at this age HPV is dormant and does not spread throughout the body.
From 30 to 60 years it is necessary to go for an examination every 3 years. The level of immunity decreases and therefore signs of human papillomavirus should be detected over time.
After 60 years, no tests are usually performed. If in the last two tests no virus was found, then you do not have to worry. If symptoms occur, you must participate in treatment until the last 2 results are negative.
Cost and price for delivery of HPV tests
In the presence of acute diseases or at the end of cancerous tumors, most studies are free of charge. Your oncologist can prescribe them.
To get an overall picture of the evolution of the virus, 2 methods are usually used to eliminate the likelihood of false information.
Decode the results
Encryption should only be done by the attending physician. Patient intervention will not do any good. To understand what the results are about, you should pay attention to the following words:
- guideline- HPV is absent;
- positive result - carcinogenic HPV strain was found;
- the result is negative - no cancer manifestations were found, but there is a possibility of finding other types of HPV.
If the patient decides to take up health and find out about the presence of human papillomavirus in his body, then the above methods should be resorted to. Timely diagnosis saved millions of people and helped them find a quiet, healthy life. Only after having passed the exams can quality treatment be prescribed.
Sometimes the patient is sent for an examination without external signs of the disease and the procedure shows that there is HPV in the body. In this case, the treatment will not take long. It is for this reason that doctors recommend seeking help at the right time.